{"id":3157,"date":"2023-11-14T10:04:47","date_gmt":"2023-11-14T03:04:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/?p=3157"},"modified":"2024-08-02T15:41:59","modified_gmt":"2024-08-02T08:41:59","slug":"huong-dan-cau-hinh-toi-uu-php-fpm","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/huong-dan-cau-hinh-toi-uu-php-fpm\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh t\u1ed1i \u01b0u PHP-FPM"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>I. PHP-FPM l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/h3>\n<p>PHP-FPM (FastCGI Process Manager) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd PHP thay th\u1ebf cho FastCGI, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho c\u00e1c website c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp l\u1edbn. \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a PHP-FPM l\u00e0 n\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00edt t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ch\u1ea1y PHP n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c, qua \u0111\u00f3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 gi\u00fap t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c website.<\/p>\n<p>Trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t PHP-FPM kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn server b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i, trong khi v\u1eabn d\u01b0 th\u1eeba t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n, Qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i nh\u01b0 sau trong error log c\u1ee7a PHP-FPM:<\/p>\n<pre>[05-Feb-2020 08:28:31] WARNING: [pool www] server reached pm.max_children setting (10), consider raising it\n[05-Feb-2020 08:28:31] WARNING: [pool www] seems busy (you may need to increase pm.start_servers, or pm.min\/max_spare_servers), spawning 8 children, there are 0 idle, and 9 total children<\/pre>\n<p>Th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 PHP-FPM \u0111ang b\u1eadn v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp cao v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tham s\u1ed1 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>PHP-FPM c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 do nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fd do:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh ch\u1ea1y do l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp cao ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh PHP-FPM kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u so v\u1edbi t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>II. T\u1ed1i \u01b0u PHP-FPM<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<h4>Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, h\u00e3y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. S\u1ed1 core CPU v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb RAM hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a server, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho PHP-FPM.<\/li>\n<li><strong>V\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/strong>: <em>gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 4vCPU v\u00e0 RAM 16 GB<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 10 GB RAM \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng PHP.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4>T\u00ednh dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng RAM ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh PHP-FPM<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Th\u1ef1c thi l\u1ec7nh sau \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng RAM m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh PHP-FPM \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.\n<pre>ps -ylC php-fpm7.3 --sort:rss<\/pre>\n<p>Thay th\u1ebf v\u1edbi \u0111\u00fang t\u00ean phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n PHP \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<li>\n<pre>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ebd gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi:\nS UID PID  PPID C PRI NI RSS    SZ     WCHAN TTY TIME      CMD \nS 0   9030 1    0 80  0  31244  120002 -     ?   00:00:05  php-fpm7.3 \nS 33  7511 9030 1 80  0  130636 148827 -     ?   00:00:04  php-fpm7.3 \nS 33  7479 9030 2 80  0  133724 150336 -     ?   00:00:16  php-fpm7.3 \nS 33  7504 9030 2 80  0  136272 150365 -     ?   00:00:08  php-fpm7.3<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>H\u00e3y l\u01b0u \u00fd c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ed9t RSS. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi m\u1ed7i ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh PHP-FPM c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 trung b\u00ecnh kho\u1ea3n 150 MB RAM \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ed7i ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh con PHP-FPM.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4>C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh PHP-FPM<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>File c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh PHP-FPM\n<pre>\/etc\/php\/7.3\/fpm\/pool.d\/www.conf<\/pre>\n<p>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd kh\u00e1c t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n php. C\u00f3 4 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd khi c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh php-fpm, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>pm.max_children<\/li>\n<li>pm.start_servers<\/li>\n<li>pm.min_spare_servers<\/li>\n<li>pm.max_spare_servers<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>pm.max_children<br \/>\n<\/strong>Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb <strong>max_children<\/strong> n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1ea5y t\u1ed5ng dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb RAM s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho PHP-FPM chia cho dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ram ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 trung b\u00ecnh cho m\u1ed7i ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh PHP-FPM (2).<strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><em>V\u00ed d\u1ee5: trong b\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 10 GB RAM (10000 MB) ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 cho m\u1ed7i ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh 150 MB, n\u00ean:<\/em><\/p>\n<pre> pm.max_children = 10000 \/ 150 ~ 67<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>pm.start_servers<\/strong><br \/>\nGi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb start_servers n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1ea5y s\u1ed1 core CPU nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi 4.<br \/>\n<em>V\u00ed d\u1ee5: trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y, s\u1ed1 core c\u1ee7a server l\u00e0 4, n\u00ean:<\/em><\/p>\n<pre>pm.start_servers = 4 x 4 = 16<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>pm.min_spare_servers<\/strong><br \/>\nGi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb min_spare_servers n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1ea5y s\u1ed1 core CPU nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi 2.<br \/>\n<em>V\u00ed d\u1ee5:\u00a0 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y:<\/em><\/p>\n<pre>pm.min_spare_servers = 4 x 2 = 8<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>pm.max_spare_servers<\/strong><br \/>\nGi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb max_spare_servers c\u0169ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng l\u1ea5y s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng core CPU nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi 4.<br \/>\n<em>V\u00ed d\u1ee5: trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y:<\/em><\/p>\n<pre>pm.max_spare_servers = 4 x 4 = 16<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng:\n<pre>pm.max_children = 67 \npm.min_spare_servers = 8 \npm.max_spare_servers = 16 \npm.start_servers = 16<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>L\u01b0u l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5\u00a0 PHP-FPM:\n<pre>sudo service php7.3-fpm restart<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady Long V\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn Qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho PHP-FPM. Ch\u00fac Qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I. PHP-FPM l\u00e0 g\u00ec PHP-FPM (FastCGI Process Manager) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd PHP thay th\u1ebf cho FastCGI, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho c\u00e1c website c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp l\u1edbn. \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a PHP-FPM l\u00e0 n\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00edt t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 gi\u1ea3i [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_oasis_is_in_workflow":0,"_oasis_original":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[40],"tags":[248,250,251,246,151,249,247,51],"class_list":["post-3157","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-web-hosting","tag-max_children","tag-max_spare_servers","tag-min_spare_servers","tag-php","tag-php-fpm","tag-start_servers","tag-toi-uu","tag-web-hosting"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh t\u1ed1i \u01b0u PHP-FPM - Long V\u00e2n<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/huong-dan-cau-hinh-toi-uu-php-fpm\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh t\u1ed1i \u01b0u PHP-FPM - Long V\u00e2n\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"I. PHP-FPM l\u00e0 g\u00ec PHP-FPM (FastCGI Process Manager) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd PHP thay th\u1ebf cho FastCGI, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho c\u00e1c website c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp l\u1edbn. \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a PHP-FPM l\u00e0 n\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00edt t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 gi\u1ea3i [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/huong-dan-cau-hinh-toi-uu-php-fpm\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Long V\u00e2n\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-11-14T03:04:47+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-08-02T08:41:59+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Hu\u1ef3nh Tr\u1ea7n Nh\u1eadt Huy\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1edfi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Hu\u1ef3nh Tr\u1ea7n Nh\u1eadt Huy\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ecdc\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 ph\u00fat\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/longvan.net\\\/cong-dong\\\/huong-dan-cau-hinh-toi-uu-php-fpm\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/longvan.net\\\/cong-dong\\\/huong-dan-cau-hinh-toi-uu-php-fpm\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Hu\u1ef3nh Tr\u1ea7n Nh\u1eadt Huy\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/longvan.net\\\/cong-dong\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/6534bd0e9ad1d50f250fabe27ed3a58f\"},\"headline\":\"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh t\u1ed1i \u01b0u PHP-FPM\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-11-14T03:04:47+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-08-02T08:41:59+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/longvan.net\\\/cong-dong\\\/huong-dan-cau-hinh-toi-uu-php-fpm\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":841,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/longvan.net\\\/cong-dong\\\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"max_children\",\"max_spare_servers\",\"min_spare_servers\",\"php\",\"php-fpm\",\"start_servers\",\"t\u1ed1i \u01b0u\",\"web hosting\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Web Hosting\"],\"inLanguage\":\"vi\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/longvan.net\\\/cong-dong\\\/huong-dan-cau-hinh-toi-uu-php-fpm\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/longvan.net\\\/cong-dong\\\/huong-dan-cau-hinh-toi-uu-php-fpm\\\/\",\"name\":\"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh t\u1ed1i \u01b0u PHP-FPM - 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