{"id":4455,"date":"2024-04-19T15:00:34","date_gmt":"2024-04-19T08:00:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/?p=4455"},"modified":"2024-05-21T16:58:08","modified_gmt":"2024-05-21T09:58:08","slug":"huong-dan-symbolic-link","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/huong-dan-symbolic-link\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1ea1o Symbolic link tr\u00ean linux"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4>I. Symbolic link<\/h4>\n<p><strong>Symbolic link<\/strong> (li\u00ean k\u1ebft t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng) hay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0 Symlink hay Softlink, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn tr\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a file n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o nhi\u1ec1u symbolic link \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn tr\u1ecf v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00fang 1 file g\u1ed1c. V\u00ec v\u1eady, gia t\u0103ng t\u00ednh ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm file trong m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n<p>Trong b\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 b\u1ea1n c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o symbolic links, ngo\u00e0i ra b\u1ea1n c\u00f2n bi\u1ebft Symbolic Links l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadn v\u1ec1 n\u00f3.<\/p>\n<h4>II. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft<\/h4>\n<p>C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ee9ng:<\/strong> B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 t\u00ean b\u1ed5 sung cho t\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3. Li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ee9ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft hai ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ean t\u1ec7p c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t inode . B\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ee9ng cho c\u00e1c th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 file n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng file system ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng. M\u1ed9t file c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u1ec1m:<\/strong> Li\u00ean k\u1ebft t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng, \u200b\u200b\u200b\u200bc\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u1ec1m, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn file ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c kh\u00e1c trong file system. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u00edm t\u1eaft trong h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Windows, v\u00ec n\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n truy c\u1eadp file ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o b\u1ea3n sao c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Li\u00ean k\u1ebft t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch cho vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c file c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 gi\u00fap truy c\u1eadp c\u00e1c file ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ee9ng, li\u00ean k\u1ebft t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t file ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c file system kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>III. L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o Symbolic Link trong Linux?<\/h4>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o Symbolic link trong Linux, ch\u00fang ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ec7nh <strong>ln<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o links \u0111\u1ebfn file ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c trong Linux.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>T\u1ea1o Symbolic link cho file<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t symbolic link cho m\u1ed9t file, h\u00e3y m\u1edf terminal v\u00e0 nh\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi:<br \/>\n<code>ln -s [target] [symlink]<\/code><br \/>\nTrong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>-s<\/strong> &#8211; \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o symbolic link, theo m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ec7nh ln t\u1ea1o li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>[target] &#8211;<\/strong> t\u00ean c\u1ee7a file g\u1ed1c ho\u1eb7c n\u01a1i b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n t\u1ea1o file link t\u1edbi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>[symlink] &#8211;<\/strong><em>\u00a0<\/em> t\u00ean c\u1ee7a file symbolic link.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t symbolic link <strong>(link-file.txt)<\/strong> tr\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn file g\u1ed1c <strong>(target-file.txt)<\/strong> n\u1eb1m trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c test.<br \/>\n<code>ln -s test\/target-file.txt link-file.txt<\/code><br \/>\nL\u1ec7nh tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7n output, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ec7nh <strong>ls<\/strong> hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb <strong>link-file.txt<\/strong> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o:<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4660 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Screenshot_1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"588\" height=\"105\" srcset=\"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Screenshot_1.png 733w, https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Screenshot_1-300x54.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 588px) 100vw, 588px\" \/><\/li>\n<li>Ch\u00fang ta th\u00eam <strong>-l<\/strong> v\u00e0o l\u1ec7nh <strong>ls<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 xem thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a link-file.txt:<br \/>\n<code>ls -l link-file.txt<\/code><br \/>\nCh\u1eef <strong>l<\/strong> \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n cho th\u1ea5y file \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 1 symlink. Output c\u0169ng hi\u1ec3n thi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn file g\u1ed1c.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4661 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Screenshot_2-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"581\" height=\"55\" srcset=\"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Screenshot_2-1.png 779w, https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Screenshot_2-1-300x28.png 300w, https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Screenshot_2-1-768x73.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 581px) 100vw, 581px\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u1ea1o Symbolic link cho folder<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t symbolic link cho m\u1ed9t folder, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ec7nh sau:<br \/>\n<code>ln -s [target-directory] [symlink]<\/code><\/li>\n<li>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t symbolic link c\u00f3 t\u00ean test-link trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c home (~\/).<br \/>\n<code>ln -s \/etc\/ssh ~\/test-link<\/code><\/li>\n<li>L\u1ec7nh <strong>ls<\/strong> hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb symlink m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c home.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-4696 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Screenshot_4-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"378\" height=\"80\" srcset=\"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Screenshot_4-1.png 397w, https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Screenshot_4-1-300x63.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 378px) 100vw, 378px\" \/><\/li>\n<li>Output ls <strong>-l<\/strong> hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb k\u00fd t\u1ef1 <strong>l<\/strong> \u1edf c\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c g\u1ed1c.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-4697 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Screenshot_5-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"541\" height=\"65\" srcset=\"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Screenshot_5-2.png 624w, https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Screenshot_5-2-300x36.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 541px) 100vw, 541px\" \/><\/li>\n<li>N\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c <strong>test-link<\/strong> t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c <strong>ssh<\/strong>.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-4698 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Screenshot_7-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"542\" height=\"125\" srcset=\"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Screenshot_7-2.png 655w, https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Screenshot_7-2-300x69.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 542px) 100vw, 542px\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4>IV. Ghi \u0111\u00e8 Symbolic link<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Khi t\u1ea1o 1 symbolic link, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o l\u1ed7i sau:<br \/>\n<code>ln: failed to create symbolic link '[filename]': File exists<\/code><br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4699 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Screenshot_8-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"516\" height=\"52\" srcset=\"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Screenshot_8-2.png 516w, https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Screenshot_8-2-300x30.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 516px) 100vw, 516px\" \/><\/li>\n<li>Th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o l\u1ed7i c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 1 file c\u00f9ng t\u00ean. \u0110\u1ec3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ghi \u0111\u00e8 l\u00ean, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng -f:<br \/>\n<code>ln -sf [target] [destination]<\/code><\/li>\n<li><strong>Ch\u00fa \u00fd:<\/strong>\u00a0S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn <strong>-f<\/strong>\u00a0s\u1ebd x\u00f3a v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n file hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"notice-warning\">\n<div class=\"notice-text\">\n<h4 id=\"ftoc-heading-7\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftwp-heading\">V. T\u00ecm c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Symbolic link s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ebfu t\u1ec7p g\u1ed1c b\u1ecb di chuy\u1ec3n, b\u1ecb x\u00f3a, ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng (vd: server offline). Tuy nhi\u00ean, h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c symbolic link b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb c\u00e1c symbolic links kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ec7nh <strong>find<\/strong> sau:<br \/>\n<code>find [directory] -type l ! -exec test -e {} \\; -print<\/code><\/li>\n<li>Thay th\u1ebf <strong>[directory]<\/strong> b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm c\u00e1c symlink b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u (~) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c home:<br \/>\n<code>find ~ -type l ! -exec test -e {} \\; -print<\/code><br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4700 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Screenshot_9-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"452\" height=\"52\" srcset=\"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Screenshot_9-1.png 452w, https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Screenshot_9-1-300x35.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 452px) 100vw, 452px\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 id=\"ftoc-heading-8\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftwp-heading\">VI. X\u00f3a Symbolic links<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t symlink b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n n\u00f3 n\u1eefa, h\u00e3y x\u00f3a n\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng l\u1ec7nh <strong>unlink<\/strong>:<br \/>\n<code>unlink [symlink]<\/code><\/li>\n<li>Thay th\u1ebf <strong>[symlink]<\/strong> b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn li\u00ean k\u1ebft. Ngo\u00e0i ra, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ec7nh <strong>rm<\/strong>, nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 t\u1ec7p n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c:<br \/>\n<code>rm [symlink]<\/code><\/li>\n<li>C\u1ea3 hai l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 output n\u1ebfu thao t\u00e1c th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, Long V\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn Qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o Symbolic link trong linux. Ch\u00fac Qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"notice-warning\">\n<div class=\"warning-icon-wrapper\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I. Symbolic link Symbolic link (li\u00ean k\u1ebft t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng) hay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0 Symlink hay Softlink, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn tr\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a file n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o nhi\u1ec1u symbolic link \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn tr\u1ecf v\u1ec1 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_oasis_is_in_workflow":0,"_oasis_original":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[332,5,316,318,321],"class_list":["post-4455","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux","tag-basic","tag-linux","tag-symbolic-link","tag-thuat-ngu","tag-vps"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1ea1o Symbolic link tr\u00ean linux - Long V\u00e2n<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/huong-dan-symbolic-link\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1ea1o Symbolic link tr\u00ean linux - Long V\u00e2n\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"I. Symbolic link Symbolic link (li\u00ean k\u1ebft t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng) hay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0 Symlink hay Softlink, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn tr\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a file n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. 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