{"id":5112,"date":"2024-05-15T23:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-05-15T16:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/?p=5112"},"modified":"2024-08-27T15:33:38","modified_gmt":"2024-08-27T08:33:38","slug":"huong-dan-kiem-tra-dung-luong-o-dia-trong-linux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/huong-dan-kiem-tra-dung-luong-o-dia-trong-linux\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ki\u1ec3m tra dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a trong Linux"},"content":{"rendered":"

I. Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/h3>\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a trong Linux l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.
\nN\u00f3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, l\u1ed7i \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u do dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a th\u1ea5p
\nB\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a trong Linux
\n<\/strong>\u1ede b\u00e0i n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ubuntu 22.04, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh centos t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.<\/p>\n

II. Ki\u1ec3m tra dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a trong Linux<\/h3>\n

C\u00e1ch 1: ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00f4ng qua l\u1ec7nh<\/strong> df
\n1<\/strong>. L\u1ec7nh df kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i s\u1ed1 n\u00e0o<\/p>\n

df<\/code><\/pre>\n
\"\"<\/p>\n
2. <\/strong>Chi ti\u1ebft m\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng human-readable<\/p>\n
df -h<\/code>
\n\"\"<\/p>\n
l\u1ec7nh df -h<\/strong>, th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u0129a s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng human-readable<\/strong>
\nl\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 Kbytes, Mbytes, Gbytes,<\/strong> thay v\u00ec hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u1ed1i 1K (kilobyte)<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \n
  • Filesystem:<\/strong> t\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c t\u00ean thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/li>\n
  • 1K-blocks:<\/strong> k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ec7p trong 1K kh\u1ed1i<\/li>\n
  • Size<\/strong>: t\u1ed5ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u0129a\/ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng<\/li>\n
  • Used<\/strong>: dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong 1K kh\u1ed1i<\/li>\n
  • Avail:<\/strong> dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f2n tr\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f2n tr\u1ed1ng trong 1K kh\u1ed1i<\/li>\n
  • Use%<\/strong>: Ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/li>\n
  • Mounted on<\/strong>: \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c n\u01a1i m\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    3.<\/strong> Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3
    \n<\/strong>L\u1ec7nh df c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.
    \nV\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/strong>: ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn “\/”<\/strong> sau l\u1ec7nh, \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb m\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng ch\u00ednh:
    \n<\/strong><\/p>\n
    df -h \/<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \"\"<\/p>\n
    4. <\/strong>Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin theo \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng
    \n<\/strong>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ec7p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 truy c\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u01b0u tr\u1eef.
    \nC\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin, m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.
    \nV\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ec7p c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng ext4<\/strong>, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ec7nh:<\/p>\n
    df -h ext4<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \"\"<\/p>\n
    L\u1ec7nh df<\/strong> ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eafm t\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c ri\u00eang l\u1ebb, df<\/strong> s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ecdc dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a.<\/p>\n
    C\u00e1ch 2: Ki\u1ec3m tra dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a th\u00f4ng qua l\u1ec7nh du<\/strong><\/p>\n
    1.<\/strong> L\u1ec7nh du<\/strong> hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb m\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a cho t\u1eebng th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c trong Linux
    \nS\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c b\u1ea1n \u0111ang truy c\u1eadp hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/p>\n
    du <\/code><\/pre>\n
    \"\"<\/p>\n
    2.<\/strong> T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 l\u1ec7nh df<\/strong> v\u1edbi l\u1ec7nh du<\/strong> ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng du -h<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng human-readable gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc h\u01a1n:<\/p>\n
    du -h<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \"\"<\/p>\n
    N\u00f3 s\u1ebd hi\u1ec7n n\u1ed9i dung th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00fang \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng kilobyte , megabyte <\/strong>v\u00e0 gigabyte.
    \n3.<\/strong> Ki\u1ec3m tra chi ti\u1ebft t\u1eebng th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c, file b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng l\u1ec7nh du -sh *<\/strong>
    \nTruy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/strong> truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn \/var\/log ch\u1ea1y l\u1ec7nh “cd \/var\/log”
    \n<\/strong>Sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u00f9ng l\u1ec7nh du -sh *<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea chi ti\u1ebft:<\/p>\n
    df -sh *<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \"\"<\/p>\n
    Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem chi ti\u1ebft dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111ang c\u00f3 trong \/var\/log\/<\/strong><\/p>\n
    C\u00e1ch 3: Ki\u1ec3m tra dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a th\u00f4ng qua l\u1ec7nh lsblk v\u00e0 fdisk -l
    \n1.<\/strong> L\u1ec7nh lsblk <\/strong>hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u01b0u tr\u1eef
    \nTi\u1ec7n \u00edch n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ean thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n cho l\u1ec7nh ti\u1ebfp theo.
    \n\u0110\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, h\u00e3y ch\u1ea1y nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n
    lsblk<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \"\"<\/p>\n
    L\u1ec7nh ‘lsblk’<\/strong> li\u1ec7t k\u00ea t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u1ed1i (\u0111\u0129a v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang) theo \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng.
    \nN\u00f3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb t\u00ean, s\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u1eafn k\u1ebft…<\/p>\n
    2.<\/strong> L\u1ec7nh fdisk<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec7n \u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng \u0111\u0129a
    \nS\u1eed d\u1ee5ng fdisk<\/strong>, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng \u0111\u0129a, t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng m\u1edbi, x\u00f3a m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng \u0111\u0129a hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u00e0 xem k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n
    fdisk -l<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \"\"<\/p>\n
    H\u00ecnh tr\u00ean sau khi ch\u1ea1y l\u1ec7nh hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb chi ti\u1ebft t\u1eebng ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a<\/p>\n
    Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, Long V\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ki\u1ec3m tra dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a trong Linux. Ch\u00fac Qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    I. Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u Ki\u1ec3m tra dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a trong Linux l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. N\u00f3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, l\u1ed7i \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u do dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a th\u1ea5p B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y chi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_oasis_is_in_workflow":0,"_oasis_original":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[346,334,347,5],"class_list":["post-5112","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux","tag-check","tag-command","tag-filesystem","tag-linux"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5112","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5112"}],"version-history":[{"count":32,"href":"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5112\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6282,"href":"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5112\/revisions\/6282"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5112"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5112"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5112"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}