{"id":5763,"date":"2024-07-13T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-07-13T03:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/?p=5763"},"modified":"2024-10-27T20:47:33","modified_gmt":"2024-10-27T13:47:33","slug":"huong-dan-thiet-lap-nginx-lam-reverse-proxy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/huong-dan-thiet-lap-nginx-lam-reverse-proxy\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp NGINX l\u00e0m Reverse Proxy"},"content":{"rendered":"

Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t<\/strong>
\n– H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c server linux t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch centos\/ubuntu\/…
\n– C\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng root ho\u1eb7c sudo<\/p>\n

I. C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t NGINX<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o NGINX \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7. H\u00e3y th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi<\/p>\n

1. C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c g\u00f3i apt repository<\/p>\n

sudo apt update <\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
2. C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t NGINX b\u1eb1ng l\u1ec7nh sau<\/p>\n
sudo apt install nginx <\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
Ch\u1edd qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n
3. Ki\u1ec3m tra phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n NGINX<\/p>\n
nginx -v<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
\"\"<\/p>\n
L\u1ec7nh hi\u1ec7n ra th\u00f4ng tin phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n NGINX, cho bi\u1ebft qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n
II. Kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng NGINX v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh NGINX t\u1ef1 kh\u1edfi ch\u1ea1y khi kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/h3>\n
C\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh sau \u0111\u00e2y kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng NGINX v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ea1y NGINX sau khi kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i
\n1. Kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng service NGINX b\u1eb1ng l\u1ec7nh systemctl<\/strong><\/p>\n
sudo systemctl start nginx<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
2. Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh NGINX t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u1edfi ch\u1ea1y sau khi kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i, h\u00e3y ch\u1ea1y l\u1ec7nh enable<\/p>\n
sudo systemctl enable nginx<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
\"\"L\u1ec7nh th\u1ef1c thi t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p NGINX kh\u1edfi ch\u1ea1y t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n
3. \u0110\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 NGINX, h\u00e3y d\u00f9ng l\u1ec7nh:<\/p>\n
sudo systemctl status nginx<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
\"\"<\/p>\n
Th\u00f4ng tin hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i Active: active (running)<\/strong> cho th\u1ea5y d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y.<\/p>\n
III.<\/strong>\u00a0H\u1ee7y li\u00ean k\u1ebft (symlolic link) c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/strong><\/h3>\n
NGINX s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eadp c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh. T\u1ea1o reverse proxy c\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng. \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c xung \u0111\u1ed9t ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n ngo\u00e0i \u00fd mu\u1ed1n, hay d\u00f9ng l\u1ec7nh sau:<\/p>\n
sudo unlink \/etc\/nginx\/sites-enabled\/default<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
L\u1ec7nh h\u1ee7y li\u00ean k\u1ebft t\u1ec7p c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n
IV. T\u1ea1o t\u1ec7p c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u1edbi<\/strong><\/h3>\n
H\u00e3y c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh theo d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o t\u1ec7p c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u1edbi:
\n1. T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t t\u1ec7p m\u1edbi trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c NGINX \/etc\/nginx\/site-available\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n
sudo vi \/etc\/nginx\/sites-available\/reverse-proxy<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
2. Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh NGINX \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t reverse proxy.
\nTh\u00eam c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u1eabu sau v\u00e0o t\u1ec7p:<\/p>\n
server {\n    listen 80;\n    server_name localhost;\n\n    location \/ {\n        proxy_pass http:\/\/127.0.0.1:8000;\n        proxy_set_header Host $host;\n        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;\n        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;\n        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;\n    }\n}<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
\"\"<\/p>\n
C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh bao g\u1ed3m server {…}<\/strong>\u00a0x\u1eed l\u00ed c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:<\/p>\n
    \n
  • listen 80: <\/strong>m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb HTTP \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ed5ng 80<\/li>\n
  • server_name localhost:\u00a0<\/strong>t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a web server mu\u1ed1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng localhost \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a reverse proxy<\/li>\n
  • location {…}:\u00a0<\/strong>c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn URI \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/li>\n
  • proxy_pass<\/strong>\u00a0http:\/\/127.0.0.1:8000<\/strong>: <\/strong>M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 web m\u00e0 proxy NGINX y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng IP m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 tr\u00ean c\u1ed5ng 8000. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng URL m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 kh\u00e1c<\/li>\n
  • proxy_set_header:\u00a0<\/strong>Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 HTTP cho y\u00eau c\u1ea7u proxy. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ph\u1ee5 v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ed5 sung th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a client. Bao g\u1ed3m Header, IP, scheme (HTTP v\u00e0 HTTPS).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    L\u01b0u \u00fd thay th\u1ebf c\u1ed5ng, server_name v\u00e0 URL m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ph\u1ee5 b\u1eb1ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.
    \nV\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn localhost<\/strong> \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 http:\/\/127.0.0.1:8000<\/strong><\/p>\n
    3. L\u01b0u t\u1ec7p v\u00e0 tho\u00e1t tr\u00ecnh so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n
    V. Li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t t\u1ec7p c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u1edbi<\/strong><\/h3>\n
    Li\u00ean k\u1ebft t\u1ec7p c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u1edbi v\u00e0 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t n\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng l\u1ec7nh sau:<\/p>\n
    sudo ln -s \/etc\/nginx\/sites-available\/reverse-proxy \/etc\/nginx\/sites-enabled\/<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    Th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c \/etc\/nginx\/sites-enabled ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.
    \nNGINX s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u1edbi \/etc\/nginx\/sites-enabled \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00ed c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng sao ch\u00e9p c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n
    VI. Ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i NGINX<\/strong><\/h3>\n
    Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00fa ph\u00e1p c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng l\u1ec7nh sau:<\/p>\n
    sudo nginx -t<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    \"\"<\/p>\n
    \u0110\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i, h\u00e3y kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 NGINX:<\/p>\n
    sudo systemctl restart nginx<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    Vi\u1ec7c kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t sinh l\u1ed7i c\u00fa ph\u00e1p, cho bi\u1ebft reverse proxy NGINX \u0111\u00e3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra<\/p>\n
    VII. Ki\u1ec3m tra Reverse Proxy<\/strong><\/h3>\n
    \u0110\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra Reverse Proxy, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t web server ho\u1eb7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea1y backend, trong b\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y, Long V\u00e2n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng backend l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi python. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 sau:
    \n1. T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c m\u1edbi g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t trang index \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m:<\/p>\n
    mkdir web_backend && cd web_backend<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    L\u1ec7nh bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea1o th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n
    2. T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t t\u1ec7p index.html m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m trang ch\u1ee7<\/p>\n
    vi index.html<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ph\u1ee5 s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb trang khi client truy c\u1eadp localhost<\/p>\n
    3. Th\u00eam \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 sau v\u00e0o t\u1ec7p index.html:<\/p>\n
    <html>\n<head>\n<title>NGINX backend<\/title>\n<\/head>\n<body>\n<h1>Great!<\/h1>\n<\/body>\n<\/html><\/pre>\n
    \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u00e3 t\u1ea1o trang HTML c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n
    4. L\u01b0u v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng t\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n
    5. Ch\u1ea1y m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ph\u1ee5 trong c\u00f9ng th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c v\u1edbi t\u1ec7p index.html b\u1eb1ng l\u1ec7nh sau:<\/p>\n
    python3 -m http.server<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    \"\"<\/p>\n
    L\u1ec7nh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 HTTP v\u1edbi c\u1ed5ng 8000 trang index.html.<\/em><\/p>\n
    6. Ch\u1ea1y ki\u1ec3m tra curl request t\u1edbi localhost trong terminal:<\/p>\n
    curl localhost<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    \"\"<\/p>\n
    Ngo\u00e0i ra, truy c\u1eadp th\u1eed t\u1eeb tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t web.<\/p>\n
    \"\"<\/p>\n
    Trong hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, Reverse Proxy chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch t\u1edbi m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ph\u1ee5. M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ph\u1ee5 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u1edbi trang HTML, cho bi\u1ebft Reverse Proxy NGINX \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n
    Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady Long V\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp NGINX l\u00e0m Reverse Proxy . Ch\u00fac Qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t – H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c server linux t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch centos\/ubuntu\/… – C\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng root ho\u1eb7c sudo I. C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t NGINX \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o NGINX \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7. H\u00e3y th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi 1. C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c g\u00f3i […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_oasis_is_in_workflow":0,"_oasis_original":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[5,355,356,165],"class_list":["post-5763","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux","tag-linux","tag-nginx","tag-reverse-proxy","tag-web-server"],"yoast_head":"\nH\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp NGINX l\u00e0m Reverse Proxy - Long V\u00e2n<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/huong-dan-thiet-lap-nginx-lam-reverse-proxy\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp NGINX l\u00e0m Reverse Proxy - Long V\u00e2n\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t – H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c server linux t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch centos\/ubuntu\/… – C\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng root ho\u1eb7c sudo I. 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