{"id":9506,"date":"2026-08-24T10:29:12","date_gmt":"2026-08-24T03:29:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/?p=9506"},"modified":"2026-08-24T10:29:14","modified_gmt":"2026-08-24T03:29:14","slug":"cau-hinh-chuyen-doi-master-slave-mongodb-tren-windows-server","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/longvan.net\/cong-dong\/cau-hinh-chuyen-doi-master-slave-mongodb-tren-windows-server\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i Master-Slave MongoDB tr\u00ean Windows Server"},"content":{"rendered":"

B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y t\u1eadp trung ri\u00eang v\u00e0o quy tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i vai tr\u00f2 Secondary l\u00ean Primary cho MongoDB (Replica Set), chia r\u00f5 2 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf: (1) ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i khi Primary v\u1eabn c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng \u2014 \u01b0u ti\u00ean an to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i; v\u00e0 (2) Primary g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 m\u1ea5t k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i\/h\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t (disaster) \u2014 \u01b0u ti\u00ean kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 nhanh nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. \u0110i k\u00e8m checklist thao t\u00e1c nhanh \u0111\u1ec3 tra c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 khi c\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

I. Switchover ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng (Primary c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng)<\/h2>\n

\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng khi: c\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec\/patch Primary, chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ea3i sang site kh\u00e1c theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, ho\u1eb7c di\u1ec5n t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi MariaDB, MongoDB ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n M\u1ed8T l\u1ec7nh duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t switchover \u2014 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 STOP SLAVE\/CHANGE MASTER TO.<\/p>\n

\u25b6 Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean:<\/strong> Node \u0111ang PRIMARY<\/code><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Ki\u1ec3m tra nhanh tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee5m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi chuy\u1ec3n \u2014 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o Secondary \u0111ang health: 1, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb lag:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    rs.status()<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \"Ki\u1ec3m<\/p>\n
    Ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee5m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u2014 c\u1ea3 2 node health: 1<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u Primary hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0\u1eddng quy\u1ec1n cho Secondary m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n (built-in, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n force):<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      rs.stepDown(60)\n\/\/ 60 = s\u1ed1 gi\u00e2y node n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng c\u1eed l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m Primary,\n\/\/ \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 Secondary \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u l\u00e0m Primary m\u1edbi<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \"K\u1ebft<\/p>\n
      K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 rs.stepDown(60) tr\u00ean 103.48.195.25 \u2014 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, node t\u1ef1 h\u1ea1 xu\u1ed1ng Secondary<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. MongoDB driver\/replica set t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea7u Secondary c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00ean PRIMARY \u2014 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thao t\u00e1c th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng th\u00eam.<\/li>\n
      2. X\u00e1c nh\u1eadn tr\u00ean node m\u1edbi:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        rs.status()\n\/\/ stateStr: \"PRIMARY\" t\u1ea1i node v\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u<\/code><\/pre>\n
        \"X\u00e1c<\/p>\n
        X\u00e1c nh\u1eadn Primary m\u1edbi (45.119.85.253) v\u00e0 Secondary (103.48.195.25) sau switchover<\/p>\n
          \n
        1. Ghi th\u1eed d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn Primary m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng nh\u1eadn ghi:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          use emr_db\ndb.ho_so_benh_an.insertOne({ so_hoso: \"HS-0003\", chan_doan: \"...\", ngay_kham: new Date() })<\/code><\/pre>\n
          \"Ghi<\/p>\n
          Ghi th\u1eed d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean Primary m\u1edbi \u2014 acknowledged: true<\/p>\n
          V\u1edbi \u0111\u00fang connection string d\u1ea1ng mongodb:\/\/host1:27017,host2:27017\/?replicaSet=rs0<\/code>, driver \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n Primary m\u1edbi ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, KH\u00d4NG c\u1ea7n s\u1eeda c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. N\u00ean chu\u1ea9n ho\u00e1 connection string ki\u1ec3u n\u00e0y ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n
          Mu\u1ed1n \u01b0u ti\u00ean m\u1ed9t node c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u l\u00e0m Primary (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 node ch\u00ednh sau khi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i xong): \u0111\u1eb7t priority cao h\u01a1n cho node \u0111\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi stepDown \u2014 l\u1ec7nh rs.reconfig() n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi \u0111ang k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o node PRIMARY hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i:<\/p>\n
          cfg = rs.conf()\ncfg.members.forEach(m => {\n  if (m.host === \"<host \u01b0u ti\u00ean>:27017\") { m.priority = 2 }\n})\nrs.reconfig(cfg)<\/code><\/pre>\n
          \u2713 rs.stepDown() l\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf switchover chu\u1ea9n, an to\u00e0n, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (Primary c\u0169 ch\u1ec9 nh\u01b0\u1eddng quy\u1ec1n sau khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o Secondary \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea7u ch\u1ecdn).<\/p>\n
          II. Failover kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p (Primary down \/ disaster)<\/h2>\n
          \u26a0 Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y SAU KHI \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn Primary kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng ch\u1eadm\/gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi) \u2014 promote nh\u1ea7m trong khi Primary c\u0169 v\u1eabn \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y s\u1ebd g\u00e2y SPLIT-BRAIN (2 node c\u00f9ng nh\u1eadn ghi, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u00e2n k\u1ef3, r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 g\u1ed9p l\u1ea1i).<\/p>\n
          1. B\u01b0\u1edbc 0 \u2014 X\u00e1c nh\u1eadn Primary th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 down<\/h3>\n
            \n
          • Ping IP Primary, ki\u1ec3m tra port (Test-NetConnection -ComputerName <IP Primary> -Port 27017<\/code>).<\/li>\n
          • Th\u1eed RDP\/console tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o server n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u2014 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh do OS\/server ch\u1ebft h\u1eb3n hay ch\u1ec9 do m\u1ea1ng.<\/li>\n
          • Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1eeb ph\u00eda Secondary: rs.status()<\/code> \u0111\u1ec3 xem l\u1ed7i k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m Primary ng\u01b0ng g\u1eedi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (optimeDate c\u1ee7a member not reachable).<\/li>\n
          • N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, th\u1eed li\u00ean h\u1ec7 team h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng\/ISP x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 m\u1ea1ng hay s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 server th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh promote.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
            V\u1edbi \u0111\u00fang 2 node c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea7u (votingMembersCount = 2), khi 1 node ch\u1ebft th\u00ec node c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i KH\u00d4NG \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111a s\u1ed1 phi\u1ebfu n\u00ean MongoDB KH\u00d4NG t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea7u Primary m\u1edbi \u2014 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00fang thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u1ed7i. B\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c can thi\u1ec7p th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng \u1edf c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n
            \"B\u1eb1ng<\/p>\n
            B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng Primary (45.119.85.253) m\u1ea5t k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u2014 health: 0, not reachable\/healthy; Secondary v\u1eabn gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean SECONDARY, kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 b\u1ea7u<\/p>\n
            2. Promote Secondary l\u00ean Primary<\/h3>\n
            \u25b6 Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean:<\/strong> Secondary c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng<\/code><\/p>\n
              \n
            1. Promote th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng forced reconfig \u2014 l\u1ea5y c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf node \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft, \u00e9p reconfig:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              cfg = rs.conf()\ncfg.members = cfg.members.filter(m => m.host !== \"<host node \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft>:27017\")\nrs.reconfig(cfg, {force: true})<\/code><\/pre>\n
              \"L\u1ea5y<\/p>\n
              L\u1ea5y c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u2014 cfg = rs.conf()<\/p>\n
              \"Lo\u1ea1i<\/p>\n
              Lo\u1ea1i node \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft kh\u1ecfi danh s\u00e1ch members<\/p>\n
              \"\u00c9p<\/p>\n
              \u00c9p reconfig v\u1edbi force: true \u2014 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng<\/p>\n
                \n
              1. X\u00e1c nh\u1eadn node n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c PRIMARY (stateStr: “PRIMARY”, self: true), sau \u0111\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng connection string \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u1ebfu ch\u01b0a d\u00f9ng chu\u1ed7i \u0111a host:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                rs.status()<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \"X\u00e1c<\/p>\n
                X\u00e1c nh\u1eadn 103.48.195.25 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c PRIMARY sau forced reconfig<\/p>\n
                  \n
                1. Ghi th\u1eed d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                  use emr_db\ndb.ho_so_benh_an.insertOne({ so_hoso: \"HS-0004\", chan_doan: \"...\", ngay_kham: new Date() })<\/code><\/pre>\n
                  \"Ghi<\/p>\n
                  Ghi th\u1eed d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean Primary v\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c promote \u2014 acknowledged: true<\/p>\n
                  3. X\u1eed l\u00fd node c\u0169 khi ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/h3>\n
                  \u25b6 Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean:<\/strong> Node c\u0169<\/code><\/p>\n
                  \u26a0 B\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c: KH\u00d4NG \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i\/ghi th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o node c\u0169 ngay khi n\u00f3 v\u1eeba b\u1eadt l\u1ea1i \u2014 node n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i kh\u1ecfi replica set, c\u1ea7n add l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00fang quy tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi cho tham gia ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n
                    \n
                  1. B\u1eadt server, \u0111\u1ec3 service MongoDB t\u1ef1 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng (Get-Service x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn Running).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                    \u25b6 Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean:<\/strong> PRIMARY hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u2014 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n add l\u1ea1i<\/code><\/p>\n
                      \n
                    1. K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0o \u0111\u00fang node \u0111ang PRIMARY, add l\u1ea1i node c\u0169 v\u00e0o replica set \u2014 MongoDB t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (initial sync), kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                      rs.add(\"<host node c\u0169>:27017\")<\/code><\/pre>\n
                      \"Add<\/p>\n
                      Add l\u1ea1i node c\u0169 (45.119.85.253) v\u00e0o replica set \u2014 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng<\/p>\n
                        \n
                      1. Node c\u0169 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb Primary (ghi \u0111\u00e8 s\u1ea1ch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 c\u0169). X\u00e1c nh\u1eadn rs.status() cho th\u1ea5y node c\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf SECONDARY, health: 1, syncSourceHost tr\u1ecf \u0111\u00fang v\u1ec1 Primary hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                        rs.status()<\/code><\/pre>\n
                        \"X\u00e1c<\/p>\n
                        X\u00e1c nh\u1eadn node c\u0169 (45.119.85.253) \u0111\u00e3 rejoin th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i SECONDARY, \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 s\u1ea1ch<\/p>\n
                        <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
                        B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y t\u1eadp trung ri\u00eang v\u00e0o quy tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i vai tr\u00f2 Secondary l\u00ean Primary cho MongoDB (Replica Set), chia r\u00f5 2 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf: (1) ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i khi Primary v\u1eabn c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng \u2014 \u01b0u ti\u00ean an to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i; v\u00e0 (2) Primary g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 m\u1ea5t k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i\/h\u1ecfng […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_oasis_is_in_workflow":0,"_oasis_original":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,15],"tags":[327,474],"class_list":["post-9506","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-huong-dan-chung","category-windows","tag-master-slave","tag-mongodb"],"yoast_head":"\nC\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i Master-Slave MongoDB tr\u00ean Windows Server - 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